CHARACTERISTICS OF SILICON DIOXIDE PRODUCED FROM RICE HUSK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v30i1.251588Keywords:
silicon dioxide, rice husk, double extraction, characterization, morphology, structureAbstract
An actual task of modern chemical technology is the synthesis of high-purity amorphous silicon dioxide with a high specific surface area. Optimization of technological processes in the direction of reducing energy costs and environmental pollution factors leads to an active search for ways to process raw materials of plant origin to obtain silicon dioxide with desired physical and chemical characteristics.
Optimal, from the point of view of energy saving, is the method of processing rice husks, which provides for the chemical purification of vegetable raw materials with their subsequent heat treatment. In this work, it is shown that the use of the double extraction method makes it possible to achieve high characteristics of silicon dioxide synthesized from rice husks. It has been established that the processing of rice husks in an alcoholic solution of hydrochloric acid, followed by processing in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, leads to the purification of raw materials from metal ions and a significant amount of lignin and cellulose. Silicon dioxide, obtained as a result of 5-minute firing at 600 °C of the prepared raw material, is a white powder with a predominant size of about 2 μm and a specific surface area of 235-250 m2/g. The product is X-ray amorphous and highly pure. The high characteristics of silicon dioxide synthesized by the proposed method open up great prospects for its use as carriers for active masses of catalysts, drugs and cosmetics.
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