STUDY OF BIOCATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF PHYTOSTEROL ESTERS AS FORMULATION COMPONENTS OF NUTRITIONAL SYSTEMS FOR HEALTH PURPOSES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v30i3.265174Keywords:
phytosterol, lipase, biocatalysis, esterification, ester, mathematical modelingAbstract
The development of new domestic food technologies aimed at protecting and preserving human health is among the most urgent social challenges of our time. Phytosterols and their derivatives, in particular esters, are the perspective formulation components of food products for health purposes. These compounds regulate plasma cholesterol levels, prevent diseases associated with atherosclerosis, reduce cancer risk, and have anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial effects. Currently, phytosterol esters are mainly produced by chemical esterification and transesterification, which involve several drawbacks, in particular, excessive energy consumption, by-product emission, product darkening, low selectivity, and the necessity to remove the catalyst from the product. All the listed drawbacks of chemical technologies are excluded when synthesizing phytosterol esters by biocatalytic esterification, establishing the rational parameters of which was the purpose of this study. The study objective was solved through the response surface methodology. The unknown values of the parameters were determined by applying regression model algorithms. Minimization of the deviation potential was performed by finding appropriate combinations of the predictor experimental series. The Statistica 10 program was used for modeling, experimental data processing, and statistical calculations. A mathematical model was developed to predict the degree of feedstock conversion into products based on the process conditions. The conducted studies made it possible to establish the rational values for biocatalytic esterification aimed at synthesizing esters of phytosterol and fatty acids with a temperature of 58 °C and reaction time of 435 minutes.
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