MODIFIED RICE HUSK BIOCHAR FOR BINDING Cd(II), Cu(II) IONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v30i4.268174Keywords:
adsorption; cadmium; copper; rice husk; pyrolysis; biochar; chemical modification,; sulfides.Abstract
The possibility of obtaining an ecosorbent based on carbon material from rice husks modified with sulfur for the removal of Cd(II), Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions is substantiated. The features of obtaining and modifying coal material from rice husks are noted. The temperature parameters and the duration of the pyrolysis process were determined experimentally from the conditions of the maximum content of biochar in the pyrolyzate. Sulfur-containing biochar was obtained by chemical modification by one-stage co-pyrolysis of rice husks with sulfur-containing reagents at a temperature of 350–400 °C. The resulting sulfur-containing ecosorbent has thermal stability and mechanical strength. A comprehensive study of the structural-porous and sorption properties of the original and sulfur-modified biochar has been carried out. The sorption capacity of the initial biochar from rice husks and sulfur-containing biochar was estimated from the decrease in the concentration of Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions in aqueous solutions of CuSO4·5H2O and Cd(NO3)2·4H2O salts before and after treatment with ecosorbent. The initial concentrations of pollution in water and soil media were 2–6 mg/L for Cd(II) and 132–396 mg/L for Cu(II). Sulfur-containing biochar has a high absorption capacity for Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions (more than 90 %) compared to the original biochar. Its specificity is due to the formation of insoluble cadmium and copper sulfides on the surface and in the pores of the sorbent. Studies show that sulfur-modified rice husk biochar can strongly bind heavy metal ions and be used as an effective ecosorbent for the purification of aqueous solutions. The key property is the ability to form insoluble sulfide forms of metals on the surface and in the pores of the ecosorbent.
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