DEVELOPMENT OF A SCHEME FOR THE UTILISATION OF SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES BY BIOLEACHING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v31i3.285427Keywords:
chemical power sources; battery; lithium; utilization; bioleaching; microorganismsAbstract
Chemical energy sources are becoming increasingly common in everyday life. At the same time, the vast majority of batteries produced are lithium-ion. Therefore, the issues related to the processing of spent batteries, in particular lithium-ion batteries, are relevant from the resource, environmental, socio-economic points of view. The study analysed current approaches to the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries and provides a conceptual scheme of recycling. The analysis of modern developments and schemes allowed the authors to propose an environmentally friendly scheme for the utilisation of spent lithium-ion batteries by bioleaching. The scheme includes the preparation of the black mass for processing through mechanical activation in a vertical vibrating mill, followed by the decomposition of chemical compounds of the target components and their conversion into a soluble form. The conditions of the biotechnological cycle involving the metabolic potential of acidophilic mesophilic microorganisms are as follows: the amount of waste mass/bacterial suspension is in the range of 1 : 44–1 : 56; the temperature of the process is 29–30 °C; the pH value is in the range of 2.2–4.0. In contrast to traditional schemes, the proposed technology does not involve a pyrometallurgical approach and allows for effective preparation of black mass for the extraction of metals and graphite through the action of microorganisms.
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