THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF REGASIFICATION OF LIQUEFIED GASES WITH PRODUCTION OF MECHANICAL ENERGY

Georg K. Lavrenchenko; Alexey G. Slynko; Oleksandr M. Shumylo; Artem S. Boychuk; Serhii V. Kozlovskyi; Vitalii M. Halkin

doi:10.15421/jchemtech.v31i4.294929

Authors

Georg K. Lavrenchenko «Institute of Low Temperature Energy Technologies», Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8239-7587
Alexey G. Slynko Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-4335
Oleksandr M. Shumylo Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-1951
Artem S. Boychuk Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-7129
Serhii V. Kozlovskyi Odesa National Maritime University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-835X
Vitalii M. Halkin Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7640-5106

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v31i4.294929

Keywords:

liquefied gases, regasification terminals, regasification process, improvement of the process of regasification

Abstract

Transportation, storage and use of liquefied gases occupy a significant part in the world gas industry and maintain a tendency to increase. For economically justified maritime refrigerator transportation, the gases in the terminals of shipment are liquefied. Being delivered to the place of consumption for further use, they are converted into conventional low-pressure gas – regasified. Now this process is carried out in conventional heat exchangers, which are heated by natural sources of heat or specially preheated coolants. Liquefied gases similarly to the compressed mechanical spring contain a large amount of potential energy accumulated during liquefaction. This energy is not used in the current technological regasification process. The work offers the thermodynamic cycle of liquefied gases in which mechanical energy is obtained. Using the hydrodynamic method of transforming the liquid into a saturated steam and the isochoric process of its overheating in the proposed thermodynamic regasification cycle, the steam is repeatedly overheated and isoentropically expanding in the turbine. Combined, this allows for a lot of mechanical work to be done. Given the low temperature of the refrigeration transport of liquefied gases, the work considers the use of a combined hot heat source: the vapor is heated by the heat of the environment and then overheated to a higher temperature by specially heated water. The thermal calculations of the proposing the thermodynamic cycle of LNG (methane), which is transported at a temperature of minus 161.28 °C, and ethylene at minus 101.77 °C. The calculations performed for methane showed that the use of the method in its regasification at one of the largest regasification terminals in Europe, Barcelona, the capacity of which is 17.1 billion nm³/year, will allow obtaining a hypothetical steam turbine plant capacity of 262 737.90 kW. Therefore, the annual energy production will be 2 295 278 302 kW. This amount of electricity requires 573 820 tons of fuel, provided that the specific fuel consumption of the diesel generator is 0.25 kg/(kW∙h).

References

Lavrenchchenko, G. K., Slynko, O. G., Halkin, V. M., Kozlovskyi, S. V., Boychuk, A. S. (2022). [Hydrodynamic method of converting liquid into superheated steam]. Refrigeration Engineering and Technology, 58(2), 92–97. (In Ukrainian).

https://doi.org/10.15673/ret.v58i2.2381

Lavrenchchenko, G. K., Slynko, O. G., Boychuk, A. S., Halkin, V. M., Kozlovskyi, S. V. (2023). Improved thermodynamic cycle of a steam turbine plant. Journal of Chemistry and Technologies, 31(1), 178–185.

https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v31i1.274768

Lavrenchchenko, G. K., Slynko, O. G., Boychuk, A. S., Halkin, V. M., Kozlovskyi, S. V. (2023). Conversion of liquid to steam. How and why? Journal of Chemistry and Technologies, 31(3), 678–684.

https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v31i3.285771

Wikipedia.

http://surl.li/ompwe

Ghorbani, В., Zendehboudi, S., Cata Saady, N. M., Duan, X., Albayati, T. M. (2023). Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review. ACS Omega, 8(21), 18358–18399.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c01072

Liu, Zh., He, T. Kim, D., Gundersen, T. (2023). Optimal Utilization of Compression Heat in Liquid Air Energy Storage. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 62(12), 5097–5108.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04059

Cui, P., Zhou, Y., Song, T., Xu, Z., Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Qi, H.-Q., Han, L., Yang, Sh. (2023). Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis of an Ammonia Synthesis Process Integrating Liquified Natural Gas Cold Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 11(7), 3052–3064.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c06841

Park, S., Park, Sh., Lee, U., Jung, I., Na, J., Kshetrimayum, K. S., Han, Ch. (2014). Comparative Study of Process Integration and Retrofit Design of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Regasification Process Based on Exergy Analyses: A Case Study of an LNG Regasification Process in South Korea. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53(37), 14366–14376.

https://doi.org/10.1021/ie501583m

Hamayun, M. H., Ramzan, N., Hussain, M., Faheem, M. (2022). Conventional and Advanced Exergy Analyses of an Integrated LNG Regasification–Air Separation Process. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 61(7), 2843–2853.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03730

Ostovar, A., Nassar, N. N. (2022). Small-Scale Liquefied Natural Gas – Opportunities and Challenges. Energy Transition: Climate Action and Circularity, 6, 269–314.

https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2022-1412.ch006

Piguave, B. V., Salas, S. D., Cecchis, D. D., Romagnoli, J. A. (2022). Modular Framework for Simulation-Based Multi-objective Optimization of a Cryogenic Air Separation Unit. ACS Omega, 7(14), 11696–11709.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06669

Meca, V. L., d’Amore-Domenech, R., Crucelaegui, A., Leo, T. J. (2022). Large-Scale Maritime Transport of Hydrogen: Economic Comparison of Liquid Hydrogen and Methanol. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 10(13), 4300–4311.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c00694

Pal, A., Al-musleh, I. E., Karimi, I. A. (2021). Reducing Power Use in the Cold Section of LNG Plants. ACS Chem. Eng., 9(38), 13056–13067.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04866

Kim, J., Park, J., Qi, M., Lee, I., Moon, Il. (2021). Process Integration of an Autothermal Reforming Hydrogen Production System with Cryogenic Air Separation and Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Liquefied Natural Gas Cold Energy. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 60(19), 7257–7274.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c06265

Lemmon, E. W, Huber, M. L, McLinden, M. O. (2007). NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties. REFPROP, Version 8.0. Gaithersburg.

Tang, Q. Q., He, Ch., Chen, Q. L., Zhang, B. J. (2019). Sustainable Retrofit Design of Natural Gas Power Plants for Low-Grade Energy Recovery. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 58(42), 19571–19585.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b04117

Kim, Yu., Lee, Ja., An, N., Kim, Ju. (2023). Advanced natural gas liquefaction and regasification processes: Liquefied natural gas supply chain with cryogenic carbon capture and storage. Energy Conversion and Management, 292(15), 117349.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117349

Sandeep, Y., Srinivas, S., Rangan, B. (2023). Cold energy recovery from liquefied natural gas regasification process for data centre cooling and power generation. Energy, 283, 128481.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.128481

Atienza-Márquez, A., Bruno, J. C., Coronas, A. (2021). Regasification of liquefied natural gas in satellite terminals: Techno-economic potential of cold recovery for boosting the efficiency of refrigerated facilities. Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 248, 114783.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114783

Moradi, M., Ghorbani, B., Ebrahimi, A., Ziabasharhagh, M. (2021). Process integration, energy and exergy analyses of a novel integrated system for cogeneration of liquid ammonia and power using liquefied natural gas regasification, CO2 capture unit and solar dish collectors. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(6), 106374.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106374