IMPROVEMENT OF THE THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE OF STEAM TURBINE INSTALLATIONS OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v32i2.307446Keywords:
basic thermodynamic cycle of steam turbine plants, heat input, heat output, expansion work, thermal efficiency, modified plantAbstract
The production of electricity due to the heat of combustion of fuel is carried out mainly with the help of steam turbine plants (STP) that work according to the thermodynamic Rankine cycle. In the traditional Rankine cycle, steam formation and superheating of steam is carried out in an isobaric process, which loses to an isochoric process because part of the heat that is supplied isobarically is spent on premature expansion of the working body outside the turbine. It is proposed to improve the Rankine thermodynamic cycle by leaving the isobaric process of saturated steam formation, and also to carry out boiler and intermediate steam overheating in isochoric processes. As a basic thermodynamic cycle for comparison, the cycle of the MST-14 type ship steam turbine plant with a capacity of 16,200 kW was adopted. A comparison of the efficiency indicators of the proposed thermodynamic cycle and the cycle of the basic plant indicates the significant advantages of the proposed cycle, which allows increasing the power of the plant to 29,000 kW, other things being equal. The proposed improvement of the Rankine cycle will complicate the design of the steam turbine plant and increase the cost of their manufacture, but these costs will be compensate by a reduction in fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions.
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