STUDY ON TNT TOXIC EFFECTS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF HYDROBIONTS IN THE MODEL CONTAMINATED WATER POND
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v32i3.310257Keywords:
TNT, aquatic organisms, toxicity, GST, POL, erythrocytes pathologiesAbstract
TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) and its derivatives make a significant contribution to the pollution of the water environment caused by hostilities in Ukraine, but the effects of TNT on hydrobionts have been little studied. In a model experiment, the effect of TNT in concentrations of 10 –75 mg/L on the mortality rate of Daphnia magna crustaceans was observed during 96 hours, and LD50 = 41.8 mg/L was calculated. Impact of TNT on Carassius gibelio fish metabolic processes and red blood cells characteristics were studied during chronic (21 days at a dose of 5 mg/L) and acute (eight hours at a dose of 35 mg/L) experiments. A sharp increase in lipid peroxidation and glutathione S-transferase activity were recorded in the blood and spleen of Carassius gibelio during the chronic TNT action indicating the state of power oxidative stress and detoxification mechanisms activation. Both chronic and acute exposure to TNT caused an increase in the destructive changes in red blood cells of Carassius gibelio as compared to control, including size and shape variation, decreased hemoglobin content, nuclear shift, and cell division disruption. Cytoplasmic vacuolization in fish erythrocytes was detected under the influence of both TNT concentrations, while karyolysis only under acute exposure. The obtained data testify to the severe pathological consequences of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene impact on the viability and functional state of aquatic organisms under the model conditions and dictate the need to conduct similar studies in the natural polluted aquatic ecosystems to identify ways of their restoration.
References
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