SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILICATE GLASS FROM ALTERNATIVE RAW MATERIALS USING HYDROTHERMAL CHARGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v33i1.311109Keywords:
glass, X-ray, thermal analysis, perlite, diatomite, hydrothermal batchAbstract
Aim. To study the possibility of expanding the raw material base of glass production due to the use of high-silica raw materials – diatomite and perlite. Thus, the introduction of the main component of silicate glass SiO2 occurs due to amorphous silica contained in rocks. Methods. The batch was prepared by hydrothermal method. Autoclave processing of rocks and silica was carried out for 4 hours at a temperature of 170 °С and a pressure of 0.5 MPa. NaOH was used as an alkaline agent. The molar ratio of SiO2 to NaOH was equal to 2. The SiO2–Na2O–PbO system and the glass composition in mole fractions were selected for the studies: SiO2 – 52.4 %; Na2O – 26.2 %; PbO – 21.4 %. The composition point lies on the liquidus isotherm of about 800 °C. The glass synthesis was carried out at a temperature of 1100 °C. Results. The study of the kinetics of glass making showed that when using hydrothermal making batches based on rocks, the stage of obtaining conditioned glass mass occurs at significantly lower temperatures than in the case of glass making from traditional batches and is at least 100 °С. Thus, it can be argued that the use of hydrothermal batches will reduce energy costs at the glass making stage. DTA results confirmed that the physicochemical activity of batches using amorphous silica is lower than for batches made using crystalline silica. X-ray confirmed that all glass samples welded at a temperature of 1000 °С are characterized by high X-ray amorphousness, which indicates the completion of glass formation processes. A visual assessment of the processes of silicate and glass formation showed that the boiling temperature of model glass based on hydrthermal batches is 110–120 °С lower than for glass made on the basis of traditional batches. Conclusions. Thus, it can be argued that the use of alternative raw materials, diatomite and perlite, will allow obtaining silicate glass. And the use of the hydrothermal method for obtaining the charge allows for a reduction in energy consumption during the glassmaking stage.
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