USE OF LIGNOCELLULOSE RAW MATERIALS IN THE PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15421/jchemtech.v33i1.313927Keywords:
wheat straw stalks, bioethanol, steam explosion, organosolvent delignification, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentationAbstract
Wheat straw and corn stalks are considered potential raw materials for bioethanol production as an alternative fuel due to their high cellulose and hemicellulose content, as well as their wide distribution and availability. The aim of the work is to study the pretreatment of wheat straw and post-harvest corn waste by steam explosion and organosolvent delignification methods to obtain the maximum ethanol yield. A combination of steam explosion as a method of pretreatment of straw for the destruction of lignin bonds and organosolvent delignification for the separation of cellulose is proposed. The obtained explosive defibration products and the solid phase after organosolvent delignification were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase and fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. For delignification, 50 % ethyl alcohol was used with the addition of sulfuric acid as a catalyst in an amount of 3 %. A study of the quantitative yield of delignification products at each stage of raw material processing was conducted. Analysis of the physicochemical parameters of the obtained explosive defibration products showed an increase in the cellulose content from 42 to 63 %, but the residual lignin content was 12 %. Organosolvent delignification led to almost complete destruction of lignin bonds with the release of cellulose in a form available for enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose with a complex of cellulolytic enzymes before fermentation increases the ethanol content in the fermented mashes by 4 times. Improvements in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic raw materials, especially through combinations of different processes, and advances in biotechnology aimed at creating effective enzyme preparations and yeast strains with high enzymatic activity and resistance to inhibitors, will lead to an increase in the economic efficiency of second-generation bioethanol production by 50 %.
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